RESEARCH

The Benefits of Gardening for Older Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Gardening activities were found to offer significant physical, cognitive, and psychosocial benefits for older adults, improving their overall quality of life and well-being. The study suggests that gardening could be an effective and affordable intervention to promote health and well-being in the aging population, regardless of garden size or the intensity of gardening activities.

Program Types: Therapeutic, Social

Population Groups: Older Adults/Seniors

Setting or Context: Assisted Living/Long-Term Care Homes, Low Care/Independent Long-Term Homes, Community Gardens

Health and Wellness Outcomes: Improved Mental Health, Enhanced Emotional Well-being, Improved Cognitive Function, Sensory Stimulation, Improved Physical Health, Improved Balance, Increase in Standing or Walking Tolerance, Increased Social Engagement & Skills, Longevity & Aging Well

Allied Profession Intersections: Recreational Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy, Social Work

Type of Activity: Sensory Stimulation, Indoor Plant Care, Outdoor Gardening, Nature-Based Arts & Crafts

Evidence Type: Meta-Analyses/Systematic Reviews

Measurement and Evaluation: Standardized Assessment Tools, Program Effectiveness

Access: Paid

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Summary

This systematic review explores the numerous benefits of gardening for older adults. The study found that gardening activities, whether at home or in community settings, can significantly improve the overall well-being of seniors. Gardening was associated with various physical benefits, including improved hand and body strength, enhanced flexibility, and decreased bodily pain. It also offered cognitive advantages, such as improved memory and attention, especially for those with dementia symptoms. Psychosocially, gardening was linked to reduced anxiety, improved mood, increased social interaction, and enhanced self-confidence.

The research highlighted that gardening can be a valuable tool for promoting healthy aging, regardless of the garden’s size. Even small-scale gardening activities, like tending to potted plants, showed positive effects. The study also found that older adults who had positive attitudes towards aging tended to experience more benefits from gardening. Additionally, participation in gardening clubs or community gardens provided opportunities for social engagement and building a sense of community among older adults.

Link

MacMillan, Thalia. (2013). The Benefits of Gardening for Older Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Activities, Adaptation & Aging. 37. 153-181. 10.1080/01924788.2013.784942.

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